Ludwika Nitschowa, born on December 6, 1889, in Radłów, Lesser Poland, left an indelible mark on the world of art. As a multifaceted artist, she excelled in sculpture and made significant contributions as a painter and teacher. Her legacy inspires generations, and her work is a testament to her talent and dedication.

Ludwika Nitsch – Early Life and Artistic Roots

Ludwika was the daughter of Jerzy Kraskowski, a participant in the 1863 uprising, and Maria Wendorff, an accomplished painter. Her marriage to Roman Nitsch, a serologist, bacteriologist, and professor at the University of Jagiellonian and the University of Warsaw, further enriched her artistic journey.

After completing high school, Ludwika spent two years working in Leon Wyczółkowski’s studio in Krakow. Her formal artistic education began at the School of Fine Arts for Women, under the guidance of Maria Niedzielska. Ludwika graduated with honors and studied sculpture at the Warsaw School of Fine Arts, where she trained with Tadeusz Breyer.

The “Forma” Cooperative and Notable Exhibitions

1929 Ludwika co-founded the cooperative “Forma” with a group of Breyer’s students. This cooperative focused on creating commissioned works, including gravestones, church sculptures, and architectural pieces. Her first exhibitions, both in painting and sculpture, took place at the National Art Gallery in Zachęta in 1929 and 1930. Subsequently, she exhibited her work at the Institute of Art Propaganda (1930–1937) and in Brussels and Paris.

Contributions and Notable Works

Ludwika Nitschowa’s artistic output is diverse and impactful. Here are some of her significant works:

1. Monument to Marie Curie (1935) in Warsaw: A tribute to the pioneering scientist and Nobel laureate.
2. The Mermaid Monument (1939): The iconic symbol of Warsaw, with Krystyna Krahelska serving as the model for the sculpture.
3. Bas-relief “Masonry” (1952) at Constitution Square: Depicting the labor of masons.
4. Statue of Copernicus (1955) at the Palace of Culture and Science entrance.
5. Pope John XXIII Monument (1968) in Wrocław.
6. Stefan Starzyński Monument (1980) in Saxon Garden (later moved to Saski Street).
7. Portrait Sculptures, including one of Stanisław Noakowski (1973).
8. Monument to Nicolaus Copernicus in Piotrków Trybunalski (1973).

Academic Career and Legacy

In 1950, Ludwika Nitch began teaching at the Faculty of Sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. She was later appointed an associate professor and served as the head of the sculpture department. Her students included Kazimierz Gustaw Zemła and Stanisław Kulon. Ludwika retired in 1962 but continued to influence aspiring artists through her legacy.

Ludwika Nitschowa rests at the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw, leaving behind a rich artistic heritage that continues to captivate art enthusiasts worldwide. Her dedication to her craft, innovative spirit, and commitment to education make her an enduring figure in the annals of Polish art history.

Ludwika Nitschowa’s life and work exemplify the resilience and creativity of Polish artists. Her sculptures and monuments stand as silent witnesses to her passion and vision. Whether it’s the graceful lines of her Copernicus statue or the emotional depth of her portrait sculptures, Ludwika Nitschowa’s legacy remains etched in stone and memory.